Pilot study of a horizontal roughing filtration system treating greywater generated from a peri-urban community in Durban, South Africa

There is a growing pressure on the available freshwater resources in South Africa and many other countries around the world.This has led to a large Toy Figures scale of interest in the application of water reclamation and reuse of wastewater as alternative water supply sources.This is becoming critical to sustain development and economic growth in

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Effect of stem rot on wood basic density, carbon, and nitrogen content of living deciduous trees in hemiboreal forests

While numerous studies have focused on analyzing various aspects of the carbon (C) budget in forests, there appears to be a lack of comprehensive assessments specifically addressing the impact of stem rot on the C budget of broadleaf tree species, especially in old-growth forests where stem rot is prevalent.One of the main challenges in accurately

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The Distinctive Evolution of orfX Clostridium parabotulinum Strains and Their Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A and F Gene Clusters Is Influenced by Environmental Factors and Gene Interactions via Mobile Genetic Elements

Of the seven currently known botulinum neurotoxin-producing species of Clostridium, C.parabotulinum, or C.botulinum Group I, is the species associated with the majority of human botulism cases worldwide.Phylogenetic analysis of these bacteria reveals a diverse species with multiple genomic clades.The neurotoxins they produce are also diverse, with

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